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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To systematically assess the effect of early enteral nutrition support after gastrointestinal operation on prognosis.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The Cochrane Library, PubMed, CBM, CNKI, Wanfang, and VIP databases were retrieved via computer system for randomized controlled trails(RCTs) with early enteral nutrition support to patients undergoing gastrointestinal operation. Quality of studies was evaluated by the Cochrane Jadad rating scale. Nutrition indexes, bowel function indices, postoperative complications, health-economics indices were collected. Meta-analysis was conducted with RevMan 5.2.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Eleven relevant RCTs studies with 1087 cases were enrolled, including 541 patients in the study group(early enteral nutrition) and 546 in the control group. Meta-analysis showed that patients in the study group had significantly higher levels of plasma albumin and prealbumin than those in the control group(WMD=2.87, 95%CI:1.03-4.71; WMD=0.04, 95%CI:0.02-0.05). The time of postoperative bowel ventilation in the study group was significantly shorter than that in the control group(WMD=4.10, 95%CI:-5.38--2.82). The postoperative complication rate in the study group was significantly lower as compared to the control group(RR=0.64, 95%CI:0.44-0.93).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Early enteral nutrition support after gastrointestinal operation is safe and effective, which can improve the nutritional status, promote bowel function return, and reduce postoperative complication rate.</p>
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Humans , Digestive System Surgical Procedures , Enteral Nutrition , Gastrointestinal Diseases , General Surgery , Postoperative Complications , Prognosis , Randomized Controlled Trials as TopicABSTRACT
@#Objective To determine the coefficient in the formula of the optimal dose of botulinum toxin A(BTX-A) to treat spastic cerebral palsy(CP).Methods58 CP children(male 38,female 20,mean age 59.3±24.6 months,range 27 to 144 months) were divided into A,B,C,D and E five groups according to used coefficient and treated by BTX-A with different doses to release the spasticity.ResultsAccording to the improvement of motor function,the BTX-A dose of the group D was optimal.According to the effective endurance,the BTX-A dose of the group C was optimal.The optimal coefficient was 1.8.ConclusionThe formula of the optimal BTX-A dose injected in triceps surae is dose =(1+1.8×MAS score)×body weight.
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@#Objective To determine the coefficient in the formula of the optimal dose of botulinum toxin A(BTX-A) to treat spastic cerebral palsy(CP).Methods58 CP children(male 38,female 20,mean age 59.3±24.6 months,range 27 to 144 months) were divided into A,B,C,D and E five groups according to used coefficient and treated by BTX-A with different doses to release the spasticity.ResultsAccording to the improvement of motor function,the BTX-A dose of the group D was optimal.According to the effective endurance,the BTX-A dose of the group C was optimal.The optimal coefficient was 1.8.ConclusionThe formula of the optimal BTX-A dose injected in triceps surae is dose =(1+1.8×MAS score)×body weight.
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@# It is generally accepted that locomotion in mammals, including humans, is based on the activity of neuronal circuits within the spinal cord (the central pattern generator, CPG). Recent studies indicate a plastic behavior of the spinal neuronal circuits following a spinal cord injuries (SCI). Studies have shown that body weight support treadmill training (BWSTT) is effective in restoring locomotor function in cats with a complete spinal lesion. It has become possible to regain some locomotor activity in patients with spinal cord injury through an intense training on BWSTT, as in cat. So, it is a staired problem how to take advantage of the plasticity of spinal locomotor pattern generator and design the gait training program for SCI patients.
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@#ObjectiveTo investigate the correlation between current and therapeutic effect of block myoelectricity fixed Botulinum Toxin A(BTX-A) injection in cerebral palsy.Methods15 children with spastic cerebral palsy were treated with BTX-A block injection under block myoelectricity fixing.The dose of BTX-A was identified with the weight of the child and the Modified Ashworth Scale.The correlation between current and period in effect was analyzed.ResultsThere was negative correlation between current and period in effect(r=-0.769,P=0.01).ConclusionThe BTX-A should be injected where the fixed current is less.
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@#ObjectiveTo determine the utility of the simple body weight support training apparatus used to improve ambulatory function in patients with hemiplegia or paraplegia.Methods38 cases with hemiplegia or paraplegia were randomly divided into control(C,n=10),regular body weight support treadmill training group(R,n=14),simple body weight support training group(S,n=14).All the patients received comprehensive rehabilitation for 6 months.Function Independence Measured(FIM),10 meters ambulatory velocity,Fugl-Meyer Assessment(FMA),Barthel Index(BI) were used to evaluate the effect of training.ResultsThe FIM scores and ambulatory velocity of the patients in group R and S improved significantly compared with that of group C.There was no difference of FIM scores and ambulatory velocity between group R and S.ConclusionThe effect of simple body weight support training on improving the ambulatory function is similar to regular body weight support treadmill.
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@#ObjectiveTo investigate the characteristic of hindlimb movement recovery in adult rats after spinal cord injury and how to assess it.Methods 26 adult female rats were randomized in sham,completely midthoracic spinal cord transected(at T8 level) or body weight supported treadmill training(BWSTT) groups.Their motor function were assessed with Basso,Beattie,Bresnahan locomotor rating scale for open field(BBB scale) and average combined scores(ACOS).ResultsNone of the rats exhibited hindlimb movements after operation.30 d and 45 d after operation,BBB and ACOS score of rats in BWSTT group showed better than that in SCI group.There were significant differences in ACOS score among 15 d,30 d and 45 d after operation in both group.ConclusionPartial spontaneous hindlimb functional recovery can be found in chronic adult spinal cord injured rats and BWSTT would facilitate the recovery.Both semiquantitative and qualitative assessment were strongly correlated with locomotor recovery,but the semiquantitative assessment shows more sensitive.
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@#ObjectiveTo investigate the optimal dose of botulinum toxic A (BTX-A) block to relax spasticity in cerebral palsy.Methods61 children (27～144 months old) with spastic cerebral palsy were treated by BTX-A block and divided into A, B, C, D and E groups according to the dose coefficient. The dose of BTX-A block was 30～160 IU (average 69.0±32.4 IU) according to the weight and the score of Modified Ashworth Scale.Results55 BTX-A blocks were successful. The muscles tone turned below and the function were improved. The effective rate was 90.16%. The effective time ranged from 8 weeks to 32 weeks, average 17.56±8.30 weeks. The effective time of the group C (2≤dose-coefficient<3) was the longest in the five groups.ConclusionThe optimal dose of BTX-A block in triceps surae should be counted as follow: dose(IU)=(score of Modified Ashworth Scale+2.5)×weight(kg).
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@#ObjectiveTo explore the effectiveness and practicability of training technique in hemiplegia.Methods313 stroke patients with hemiplegia were divided randomly into the control group and training group, and treated with integrative training technique for hemiplegia impairment during 3 months. Locomotor recovery and the performance of activities of daily living (ADL) of patients in two groups were assessed before and after one, two and three months training respectively, using Fugl-Meyer Assessment (FMA), Functional Independence Measure (FIM) and the scale of impairment in community rehabilitation.ResultsAfter treatment, FMA, FIM and the scale of impairment in community rehabilitation of the patients in the training group improved significantly ( P<0.001), the effectiveness was better than that of the control group ( P<0.05～0.001).The scales of FMA and FIM were proportional to the scale of impairment in community rehabilitation.ConclusionThe training technique for hemiplegia has ideal rehabilitation effectiveness.
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@#ObjectiveTo observe the effect of early rehabilitation on motor function and prognosis of the patients with spinal cord injury (SCI).MethodsAccording to started date of rehabilitation, 60 SCI patients were divided into the early rehabilitation group (within two weeks after operation) and control group (three months after operation) with 30 cases in each group. The motor function and activities of daily living (ADL) of all patients were evaluated before and 3 months after treatment, and the incidence rates of complications of two groups were compared.ResultsAfter 3 months treatment, the incidence rates of complications often occurred after SCI such as pulmonary diseases, urinary infection, osteoporosis and adductor, extensor spasticity in the lower limbs etc. were lower than those in the control group. There was a significant difference between two groups. The motor function and ADL of the patients in the early rehabilitation group were better than those of patients in the control group ( P<0.05～0.01).ConclusionEarly rehabilitation after SCI can significantly decrease the incidence rate of complications and improve patient's motor function and ADL.
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@#ObjectiveTo observe the effect of early rehabilitation on motor function and prognosis of the patients with spinal cord injury (SCI).MethodsAccording to started date of rehabilitation, 60 SCI patients were divided into the early rehabilitation group (within two weeks after operation) and control group (three months after operation) with 30 cases in each group. The motor function and activities of daily living (ADL) of all patients were evaluated before and 3 months after treatment, and the incidence rates of complications of two groups were compared.ResultsAfter 3 months treatment, the incidence rates of complications often occurred after SCI such as pulmonary diseases, urinary infection, osteoporosis and adductor, extensor spasticity in the lower limbs etc. were lower than those in the control group. There was a significant difference between two groups. The motor function and ADL of the patients in the early rehabilitation group were better than those of patients in the control group ( P<0.05～0.01).ConclusionEarly rehabilitation after SCI can significantly decrease the incidence rate of complications and improve patient's motor function and ADL.
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@#ObjectiveTo investigate the rule of changes of the soleus mass and expression of myosin heavy chain (MHC) isoforms mRNA.Methods40 female Wistar rats were divided randomly into the control group and three spinal cord transection (ST) groups, ST7, ST15, and ST30 with 10 animals in each group. Rats in ST groups were subjected to a complete ST between T8 and T10 levels. The right soleus was dissected and weighed at 7, 15, 30 days after ST, and the expression of MHC mRNA isoforms was measured by semi-quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).ResultsThe Absolute and relative soleus masses in three ST groups were lower significantly than those of control group (P<0.05). The soleus mass in ST15 and ST30 groups were lower than that of ST7 group (P<0.05). The soleus of control group predominantly expressed MHC-I and some MHC-IIa, whereas the soleus began to express MHC-IIx and MHC-IIb after ST, except for MHC-I and MHC-IIa. ST induced consistently down-regulation of MHC-I mRNA and up-regulation of MHC-IIx and MHC-IIa at three time points after ST. The level of MHC-IIb mRNA expression was very low at three time points after ST.ConclusionST can influence the soleus mass at early stage after ST. ST induces a shift toward a faster muscle phenotype from slow to fast MHC isoform. MHC demonstrates plasticity in response to decrease neuromuscular activation.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the current status of disabled children and prevalence of disabilities in children aged 0-6 years and their risk factors, and to provide scientific evidence for making relevant policies for disabled children.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>In a community-based cross-sectional study, multi-phase, stratified, unequal proportional and cluster sampling was adopted to survey 60 124 children aged 0-6 years. All the investigated children were screened for disabilities, and those with positive screening tests were further diagnosed by various specialties.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>A total of 819 children were diagnosed as disabled with an overall prevalence of 1.362%, 0.155% for hearing disability, 0.160% for visual disability, 0.931% for intelligent disability, 0.424% for limb disability, and 0.101% for mental disability. Prevalence of disability in children was higher in rural areas, and in families with two or more children, low educational level or in divorced families.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The prevalence of disability can be reduced by economic development, improvement of health care and quality of population, as well as harmonious familial relationship, early prevention of disability, and preschool education for disabled children.</p>
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Child , Child, Preschool , Humans , Infant , Infant, Newborn , Blindness , Epidemiology , China , Epidemiology , Disabled Persons , Hearing Loss , Epidemiology , Intellectual Disability , Epidemiology , Limb Deformities, Congenital , EpidemiologyABSTRACT
@#ObjectiveTo expose the effects of toes movement treating on the improvement of motor function of the patient s' affected lower limb.Methods36 patients with hemiplegia were divided into twe groups,22 patients for treating group in which toes treatment was applied, and 14 patients for comparative group in which no toes treatment was applied.After two months treatment, the effect was judged using Japanese Motor Function Test.Results22 patients in the treating group had gotten level 8 or higher (100%), while 7 patients in the comparative group had gotten that(50%).ConclusionToes movement treating is important in the recovery of functional movement of the hemiplegia patients.
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Objective To investigate the influence of motor impersistence on functional recovery and prog- nosis of patients with left hemiplegia. Methods A total of 64 in-patients with left side hemiplegia who were able to understand the oral instructions were assigned into a motor impersistence group (n = 31 ) and a control group (n = 34) , respectively, according to the assessment with Scale of Motor Impersistence developed by Joynt. Both groups were comparable in terms of the basic clinical characteristic and motor function of patients except motor impersis- tence. The conventional rehabilitation training programs were adopted for all patients in this study. Brunnstrom func- tional category, Ueda Satoshi hemiplegic finger function assessment scale, upper limb function assessment scale, Berg balance scale, Functional ambulatory category, Modified Barthel Index were employed to evaluate the subjects before and after 1 and 2 months of treatment, with regard to the motor function of their upper limbs, walking ability, activities of daily living performance and balance ability. Results After 1 month of treatment, the patients in the M1 group were significantly improved with regard to the motor function of upper limbs, hand function, standing ba- lance and activity of daily living performance( P0.05 ) , while those in the control group were improved with all the parameters except the lower limb function. After 2 months of treatment, patients in both groups were all significantly improved ( P
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@#ObjectiveTo study neural protective effect of combined medication with nimodipine and mannitol on injury of cerebral ischemia-reperfusion for screening the better medication method in acute cerebral ischemia-reperfusion. MethodsA model of cerebral ischemia-reperfusion was performed by clipping bilateral common carotid artery of rats with vago- and releasing them 3 hours later. 40 Wistar female rats within 1 month were divided into 5 groups randomly with 8 rats each: model group (no use of medicine), nimodipine group(0.2mg/kg), mannitol group(0.5g/kg), nimodipine and mannitol group, sham-operated group (no use of medicine and no clipping process). The changes of SOD and MDA in brain tissue were measured 24 hours after cerebral ischmic reperfusion in all groups. At the same time pathologic study was performed to compare the different groups.ResultsThere were significant differences between nimodipine and mannitol group and other groups in changes of SOD, MDA and pathological changes(P<0.01). Conclusions Combined medication with nimodipine and mannitol is the better way to protect brain tissue from acute cerebral ischemia-reperfusion than other way in present experiment, by synergistic action.
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@#ObjectiveTo explore the relations between the alkaline phosphatase(ALP) and the type of cerebral palsy. MethodsThe ALP level of 40 children with different types of cerebral palsy were examined with the Olympus AU-600 apparatus. ResultsThe ALP value of the children with spastic cerebral palsy is normal. The ALP value of the children with athetoid cerebral palsy is higher than spastic cerebral palsy(P<0.001).Conclusions The ALP value can help us to identify the type of cerebral palsy.
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@#ObjectiveTo observe effect of OT training on patients wearing the upper limd prosthesis. MethodsThe effect of OT to 30 patients with upper arm prosthesis was analyzed using FIM score before and after training. ResultsAfter 1-3-month OT training, the patients' FIM score were improved significantly(P<0.01).Conclusions OT is an effective method on the patients wearing upper arm prosthesis.
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@#ObjectiveTo study the rehabilitation effect of physical therapy on patients with above knee amputation. Methods50 patients with above knee amputation were evaluated with FIM scale before and after physical therapy. ResultsThere was a significant difference before and after physical therapy(P<0.05). Conclusions Physical therapy is effective on patients with above knee amputation.
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@#ObjectiveStudy the efficacy of physiotherapy (PT) in the rehabilitation of the patients with Guillain-Barre syndrome. Method15 patients with Guillain-Barre syndrome were divided into 2 groups,exercise group(8 cases) and control group(7 cases),a retrospective study is made.ResultAs compared with control group, there is a significant improvent in muscle strenth and ADL in exercise group (P<0.01).ConclusionPT can effectively diminish the degree of disability of the patients with Guillain-Barre syndrome, shorten rehabilitation time ,and restore independence of self-care.